The loneliest men in sports have not been making any friends lately.
Both referees and umpires have been making news, despite their often repeated goal of never wanting
to be involved in the outcome of the game.
So, assuming officials want some kind of automated technical assistance, what
sports technology is available?
First, pure video instant replay gives officials a second, slower chance to
see the play again and possibly adjust their live call. All four major sports
leagues in the United States use replay at some level.
In addition to judging if a shot was taken before the buzzer, the NBA uses video replay to differentiate 2-point versus 3-point baskets. MLB
commissioner Bud Selig has put a stop to the spread of replay beyond the home
run/foul ball call for now, but public pressure may change that. The NHL's
use of replay focuses mainly on different goal scoring scenarios. The NFL is
the most advanced user of replay to judge multiple situations.
Second, an
emerging selection of decision-support tools can make the actual call for the
officials using location-based technology. In tennis, the Hawk-Eye system is
being used at such high-profile events as Wimbledon and the U.S. Open. A system of six high-speed cameras records a ball's movement, which is useful
when it bounces near one of the court lines. It feeds the cameras' input to a
central computer that analyzes the data from all angles and then creates a
motion graphic that simulates the ball's location when it bounces on the court,
either on the line or next to the line, with a judgment of "in" or "out."
In soccer, Adidas and Cairos Technologies have partnered to create an
"intelligent" ball that includes a microchip that transmits its location on the
field to a computer.
The system also places a thin, underground electrical wire that surrounds
each goal. If the ball's location is sensed to be completely inside the boundary
of the goal, a signal is sent to a watch worn by the referee indicating that a
goal has been scored.
Even if the refs and umps don't want to use the technology, sports television
producers look to empower the fans.
In baseball, ESPN's "K-zone" and Fox Sports' "Fox Trax" show a virtual
representation of pitches and the strike zone to let us judge the accuracy of
the home-plate umpire's calls. Think that last called strike was a bit outside?
Watch the computer generated replay that is accurate to within one-half inch.